Principal findings

• Inmates continue to use drugs in prison. The most common identified avenue of trafficking remains the visitor reception area, by mouth transfer during contact visits. More drugs, syringes and other implements are seized in prison than at the 'visitor' barrier. • Qualitative data suggest that cannabis and pharmaceuticals are the most commonly used or available drugs. Urinalysis data show some increase in samples testing positive for cannabis and heroin. have prompted a review of practice in many Australian jurisdictions—a positive sign that custodial authorities are moving towards a national approach to prison policy and practice.